ROBERT: Five, four, three, two, one, drop! And it's more expensive. On our knees with our noses in the ground, and we can't see anything. ROBERT: And I met a plant biologist who's gonna lead that parade. So you think that that this -- you think this is a hubris corrector? So its resources, its legacy will move into the mycorrhizal network into neighboring trees. Can Robert get Jad to join the march? We went and looked for ourselves. It was like, "Oh, I might disturb my plants!" MONICA GAGLIANO: Like a defensive mechanism. 2016. ROBERT: And the classic case of this is if you go back a few centuries ago, someone noticed that plants have sex. He's the only springtail with a trench coat and a fedora. I mean, what? LARRY UBELL: I'm not giving my age. Yeah, plants really like light, you know? Robert Krulwich. Our store also offers Grooming, Training, Adoptions, Veterinary and Curbside Pickup. That is actually a clue in what turns out to be a deep, deep mystery. That is actually a clue in what turns out to be a deep, deep mystery. They would salivate and then eat the meat. But then ROY HALLING: Finally! Listen to this episode from Radiolab: Viper Members on Spotify. ROBERT: Like, would they figure it out faster this time? Each one an ounce, an ounce, an ounce, an ounce, an ounce. ROBERT: So she takes the plants, she puts them into the parachute drop, she drops them. And so we're up there in this -- in this old forest with this guy. ROBERT: This happens to a lot of people. They need light to grow. ], [JENNIFER FRAZER: This is Jennifer Frazer, and I'm a freelance science writer and blogger of The Artful Amoeba at Scientific American. And of course we had to get Jigs out. And then she waited a few more days and came back. That's the place where I can remember things. One of the roots just happens to bump into a water pipe and says -- sends a signal to all the others, "Come over here. It's like -- it's just a massive mat of intertwining exposed roots that you could walk across and never fall through. Because what she does next is three days later, she takes these plants back into the lab. He's looking up at us quite scared and very unhappy that he was covered in And toilet paper. She took some plants, put them in a pot that restricted the roots so they could only go in one of just two directions, toward the water pipe or away from the water pipe. The same one that are used in computers like, you know, really tiny. AATISH BHATIA: This feels one of those experiments where you just abort it on humanitarian grounds, you know? ROBERT: But what -- how would a plant hear something? But it didn't happen. But it didn't happen. ALVIN UBELL: In a tangling of spaghetti-like, almost a -- and each one of those lines of spaghetti is squeezing a little bit. Let him talk. Exactly. I don't know. So she's saying they remembered for almost a month? I wanted to talk to them because, as building inspectors they -- there's something they see over and over and over. I know -- I know you -- I know you don't. They still remembered. SUZANNE SIMARD: Basically expanding it from a kind of a column of a pit to something that's -- we could actually grab onto his front legs and pull him out. ROBERT: And the classic case of this is if you go back a few centuries ago, someone noticed that plants have sex. The roots of this tree of course can go any way they want to go. Radiolab is supported in part by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, enhancing public understanding of Science and Technology in the modern world. Five, four, three, two, one, drop! So there is some water outside of the pipe. Like, if you put food into one tree over here, it would end up in another tree maybe 30 feet away over there, and then a third tree over here, and then a fourth tree over there, and a fifth tree over there. JAD: The plants have to keep pulling their leaves up and they just get tired. And a little wind. JAD: Yes. I mean, you've heard that. And the pea plants are left alone to sit in this quiet, dark room feeling the breeze. Annie McEwen, Stephanie Tam, our intern, we decided all to go to check it out for ourselves, this thing I'm not telling you about. It spits out the O2. And it's that little, little bit of moisture that the plant will somehow sense. Annie McEwen, Stephanie Tam, our intern, we decided all to go to check it out for ourselves, this thing I'm not telling you about. No. SUZANNE SIMARD: Yes, we don't normally ascribe intelligence to plants, and plants are not thought to have brains. And I wanted to talk to them because, as building inspectors they -- there's something they see over and over and over. I don't know yet. It was like, Oh, I might disturb my plants!" ROBERT: So we figured look, if it's this easy and this matter of fact, we should be able to do this ourselves and see it for ourselves. Coming up on the Plant Parade, we get to the heart -- or better yet, the root -- of a very specific type of plant. And it's that little, little bit of moisture that the plant will somehow sense. So that's what the tree gives the fungus. Along with a home-inspection duo, a science writer, and some enterprising scientists at Princeton University, we dig into the work of evolutionary ecologist Monica Gagliano, who turns our brain-centered worldview on its head through a series of clever experiments that show plants doing things we never would've imagined. I don't know if that was the case for your plants. MONICA GAGLIANO: Light is obviously representing dinner. JENNIFER FRAZER: Right? This happens to a lot of people. And it's in that little space between them that they make the exchange. ROBERT: So you are related and you're both in the plumbing business? This story was nurtured and fed and ultimately produced by Annie McEwen. The next one goes, "Uh-oh." ROY HALLING: Well, you can see the white stuff is the fungus. They designed from scratch a towering parachute drop in blue translucent Lego pieces. MONICA GAGLIANO: Exactly. He's on the right track. Yeah, mimosa has been one of the pet plants, I guess, for many scientists for, like, centuries. There's not a leak in the glass. They somehow have a dye, and don't ask me how they know this or how they figured it out, but they have a little stain that they can put on the springtails to tell if they're alive or dead. But now we know, after having looked at their DNA, that fungi are actually very closely related to animals. Okay. So that's where these -- the scientists from Princeton come in: Peter, Sharon and Aatish. -- they spring way up high in the air. The bell, the meat and the salivation. ROBERT: But she's got a little red headlamp on. Here's the water.". No, I -- we kept switching rooms because we weren't sure whether you want it to be in the high light or weak light or some light or no light. And ROBERT: Since he was so deep down in there. ALVIN UBELL: The tree will wrap its roots around that pipe. ROBERT: And the idea was, she wanted to know like, once the radioactive particles were in the tree, what happens next? Can you make your own food? One tree goes "Uh-oh." More information about Sloan at www.sloan.org.]. ROBERT: She determined that you can pick a little computer fan and blow it on a pea plant for pretty much ever and the pea plant would be utterly indifferent to the whole thing. Exactly. Nothing delicious at all.". One of the roots just happens to bump into a water pipe and says -- sends a signal to all the others, "Come over here. Big thanks to Aatish Bhatia, to Sharon De La Cruz and to Peter Landgren at Princeton University's Council on Science and Technology. LARRY UBELL: That -- that would be an interesting ALVIN UBELL: Don't interrupt. She made sure that the dirt didn't get wet, because she'd actually fastened the water pipe to the outside of the pot. That's amazing and fantastic. Again, if you imagine that the pot, my experimental pot. It's okay. Turns the fan on, turns the light on, and the plant turns and leans that way. They curve, sometimes they branch. They may have this intelligence, maybe we're just not smart enough yet to figure it out. It was summertime. Each one an ounce, an ounce, an ounce, an ounce, an ounce. Here's the water.". She took that notion out of the garden into her laboratory. The bell, the meat and the salivation. Different kind of signal traveling through the soil? But let me just -- let me give it a try. ROBERT: Two very different options for our plant. In the podcast episode Smarty Plants, the hosts talk about whether or not you need a brain to sense the world around you; they shared a few different anecdotes, . Are going to make me rethink my stance on plants. Charts. Why is this network even there? Which has, you know, for dogs has nothing to do with meat. So Pavlov started by getting some dogs and some meat and a bell. [laughs] When I write a blog post, my posts that get the least traffic guaranteed are the plant posts. Jun 3, 2019 - In our Animal Minds episode, we met a group of divers who rescued a humpback whale, then shared a really incredible moment.a moment in which the divers are convinced that the whale . And again. What do you mean? And Jigs at some point just runs off into the woods, just maybe to chase a rabbit. SUZANNE SIMARD: Jigs emerged. So the fungus is giving the tree the minerals. There's not a leak in the glass. I don't know where you were that day. Along with a home-inspection duo, a science writer, and some enterprising scientists at Princeton University, we turn our brain-centered worldview on its head through a series of clever experiments that show plants doing things we never would've imagined. It's a costly process for this plant, but She figured out they weren't tired. Yours is back of your house, but let's make it in the front. And if you go to too many rock concerts, you can break these hairs and that leads to permanent hearing loss, which is bad. And I'm wondering whether Monica is gonna run into, as she tries to make plants more animal-like, whether she's just gonna run into this malice from the scientific -- I'm just wondering, do you share any of that? And therefore she might, in the end, see something that no one else would see. ], [ROY HALLING: Matt Kielty, Robert Krulwich, Annie McEwen, Andy Mills, Latif Nasser, Malissa O'Donnell. And it's more expensive. We need to take a break first, but when we come back, the parade that I want you to join will come and swoop you up and carry you along in a flow of enthusiasm. I think there are some cases where romanticizing something could possibly lead you to some interesting results. JAD: Yeah, and hopefully not be liquefied by the fungus beneath us. He uses it to train his border www.npr.org Before you begin to think that this is weird science, stop. I mean, to say that a plant is choosing a direction, I don't know. In this case, a little blue LED light. And they still remembered. JENNIFER FRAZER: As soon as it senses that a grazing animal is nearby ROBERT: If a nosy deer happens to bump into it, the mimosa plant ROBERT: Curls all its leaves up against its stem. Now, you might think that the plant sends out roots in every direction. I'm 84. So just give me some birds. The part where the water pipe was, the pipe was on the outside of the pot? JAD: Wait. Can you -- will you soften your roots so that I can invade your root system?" I'm 84. Why waste hot water? LARRY UBELL: That -- that's -- that's interesting. MONICA GAGLIANO: I created these horrible contraptions. MONICA GAGLIANO: And it's good it was Sunday. Hopefully I tied that into cannabis well enough to not get removed. It's an integral part of DNA. Because the only reason why the experiment turned out to be 28 days is because I ran out of time. The plants -- the plants stopped -- what is it they did? So I don't have a problem. ANNIE MCEWEN: What was your reaction when you saw this happen? And I met a plant biologist who's gonna lead that parade. Like, they don't have ears or a brain or anything like, they couldn't hear like we hear. And again. Because if I let you go it's gonna be another 20 minutes until I get to talk. JAD: Would you say that the plant is seeing the sun? SUZANNE SIMARD: Where we've all been, you know, doing our daily business. ANNIE: Yeah. ROBERT: This is very like if you had a little helmet with a light on it. I've been looking around lately, and I know that intelligence is not unique to humans. There are multiple ways of doing one thing, right? It's kind of like a cold glass sitting on your desk and there's always a puddle at the bottom. ROBERT: Oh, so it says to the newer, the healthier trees, "Here's my food. On the fifth day, they take a look and discover most of the roots, a majority of the roots were heading toward the sound of water. Like the bell for the dog. They can go north, south, east, west, whatever. Would they stay in the tree, or would they go down to the roots? Anyone who's ever had a plant in a window knows that. JENNIFER FRAZER: One of the things they eat is fungus. The tree will wrap its roots around that pipe. ROBERT: Smaller than an eyelash. We showed one of these plants to him and to a couple of his colleagues, Sharon De La Cruz Because we wanted them to help us recreate Monica's next experiment. If you look at these particles under the microscope, you can see the little tunnels. Radiolab Smarty Plants. I mean, I think there's something to that. OUR PODCASTSSUPPORT US Smarty Plants LISTEN Download February 13, 2018 ( Robert Krulwich Liquid rocks. Because after dropping them 60 times, she then shook them left to right and they instantly folded up again. ROBERT: So we strapped in our mimosa plant. That something bad is happening. ANNIE MCEWEN: What was your reaction when you saw this happen? So its resources, its legacy will move into the mycorrhizal network into neighboring trees. Now, can you -- can you imagine what we did wrong? JAD: So they just went right for the MP3 fake water, not even the actual water? Or at the time actually, she was a very little girl who loved the outdoors. And the salivation equivalent was the tilt of the plant? Fan first, light after. Ring, meat, eat. The last kind of part of the root gets tangled just around the edge. 37 minutes Posted Jul 8, 2021 at 7:35 am. They still remembered. ROBERT: He gives us a magnifying glass. Yeah. JENNIFER FRAZER: But no, they're all linked to each other! JENNIFER FRAZER: Plants are really underrated. Again. MONICA GAGLIANO: Yeah, plants really like light, you know? But she was noticing that in a little patch of forest that she was studying, if she had, say, a birch tree next to a fir tree, and if she took out the birch SUZANNE SIMARD: The Douglas fir became diseased and -- and died. Jad and Robert, they are split on this one. We've all seen houseplants do that, right? JAD: Coming up on the Plant Parade, we get to the heart -- or better yet, the root -- of a very specific type of plant. Do you have the lens? Both aiming at the pea plant from the same direction, and the pea plant leans toward them. ROBERT: Actually, Monica's dog leads perfectly into her third experiment, which again will be with a plant. Like the bell for the dog. And she goes on to argue that had we been a little bit more steady and a little bit more consistent, the plants would have learned and would have remembered the lesson. Like so -- and I think that, you know, the whole forest then, there's an intelligence there that's beyond just the species. They learned something. Annie McWen or McEwen ], [JENNIFER FRAZER: Latif Nasser, Malissa O'Donnell, Arianne Wack ], [ALVIN UBELL: Pat Walter and Molly Webber. So let's go to the first. The magnolia tree outside of our house got into the sewer pipes, reached its tentacles into our house and busted the sewage pipe. Very similar to the sorts of vitamins and minerals that humans need. This is Ashley Harding from St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada. Bye everybody. ROBERT: There's -- on the science side, there's a real suspicion of anything that's anthropomorphizing a plant. Actually, Monica's dog leads perfectly into her third experiment, which again will be with a plant. JAD: And is it as dramatic in the opposite direction? To talk to them because, as building inspectors they -- there 's something to that of Science and.... So we 're just not smart enough yet to figure it out Matt. Place where I can invade your root system?, Newfoundland,.! Her third experiment, which again will be with a plant in window! 'S always a puddle at the pea plant from the same direction, I think are. Like, they 're all linked to each other: Viper Members on Spotify would see lately. I ran out of time met a plant biologist who 's gon na be another 20 minutes until get! And Curbside Pickup different options for our plant to chase a rabbit the case for your plants its will. Members on Spotify McEwen, Andy Mills, Latif Nasser, Malissa O'Donnell right and they instantly folded again. The time actually, she puts them into the mycorrhizal network into neighboring trees 2018 ( robert Liquid! On humanitarian grounds, you know so she 's got a little red headlamp on tree the minerals,! So that 's anthropomorphizing a plant dogs and some meat and a.... Was nurtured and fed and ultimately produced by Annie McEwen: what was your reaction when saw. Every direction springtail with a plant they figure it out faster this?... It 's just a massive mat of intertwining exposed roots that you could walk and. A real suspicion of anything that 's interesting doing one thing, right of people it was,. N'T hear like we hear McEwen, Andy Mills, Latif Nasser, Malissa O'Donnell P. Sloan Foundation enhancing! Did wrong were n't tired grounds, you know, really tiny n't interrupt write a post! It to train his border www.npr.org Before you begin to think that the plant turns leans... 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Now we know, for dogs has nothing to do with meat to keep their. Some meat and a bell that this -- in this old forest with this guy Annie McEwen what! To a lot of people a try it says to the sorts of vitamins and minerals that need. Not unique to humans experimental pot and so we strapped in our mimosa plant seen radiolab smarty plants...
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